Skin Infections: What They Are, How to Spot Them, and How to Treat Them

Skin infections are tiny invaders that turn a healthy patch of skin into an itchy, painful, or ugly spot. They can be caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses, and they show up in many different forms. The good news is you can often recognize them early and act fast to stop them from getting worse.

Typical Signs and Types

Most skin infections start with a red bump or a scaly patch. Common culprits include:

• Cellulitis – a spreading redness that feels warm and sore, usually on the legs or arms.
• Impetigo – honey‑colored crusts around the mouth or nose, often seen in kids.
• Fungal infections like athlete’s foot or ringworm, which cause itching and a circular rash.
• Herpes simplex – small fluid‑filled blisters that turn into crusts.
• Folliculitis – tiny pimples around hair follicles, often from shaving.

If the spot is painful, spreads quickly, or comes with fever, it’s time to pay attention. Pus, swelling, or a foul smell are also red flags that the infection may need professional care.

Quick Home Care and When to See a Doctor

For mild cases, simple steps can keep the infection from worsening:

• Wash the area gently with soap and water three times a day.
• Apply an over‑the‑counter antibiotic cream (like bacitracin) or antifungal spray if you suspect a fungus.
• Cover the spot with a clean bandage to protect it from dirt.
• Keep the skin dry – moisture feeds many germs.
• Avoid picking or scratching; that spreads bacteria.

Even with good home care, some infections need prescription meds. A doctor may give oral antibiotics for cellulitis, a stronger topical for impetigo, or an antiviral for herpes. If you notice any of these signs, call a healthcare professional:

• Rapid spreading of redness or swelling.
• Severe pain that doesn’t improve.
• Fever over 100.4°F (38°C).
• Symptoms that last more than a week despite treatment.
• Signs of infection on the face, hands, or genitals.

Getting treatment early shortens recovery and reduces scarring. Most prescriptions are a short 7‑10 day course, and they work fast once you start them.

Prevention is the easiest cure. Wash your hands often, keep cuts clean, avoid sharing towels or razors, and wear breathable shoes if you’re prone to athlete’s foot. If you’re in a humid environment, change socks and underwear daily to keep fungus at bay.

Remember, skin is the body’s biggest organ, so it tells you when something’s wrong. Spot a red bump that won’t quit? Treat it right, and you’ll keep your skin healthy and infection‑free.